Critically the base rate of high-connotation (Alexander, 5‘478; Kenneth, 2‘005; Charles, >16‘760) versus low-connotation names (Otis, 1‘296; Tyrone, 1‘324; Wilbur, 355) appears to be a confounding factor and may also explain findings in the original study, because less frequent names may cognitively be less associated with any personality characteristics.