The growing global population rise is at the forefront of these challenges. 50% of the world’s current population live in cities, and – as Laurence Kemball-Cook, founder of Pavegen noted – over 1bn more are set to be added to global city populations in coming years. In order to support and sustain this level of human activity, it is an unavoidable imperative for us to find actionable ways for human and machine to work together.